Michael Ledeen lays out the truth about Muqtada al-Sadr and his “Army of the Mahdi:” The Iranian Hand.

That the war being waged by Shiite militants throughout Iraq is not just a domestic “insurgency” has been documented by the Italian Military Intelligence Service (Sismi). In a report prepared before the current wave of violence, Sismi predicted “a simultaneous attack by Saddam loyalists” all over the country, along with a series of Shiite revolts.

The Italians knew that these actions were not just part of an Iraqi civil war, nor a response to recent actions taken by the Coalition Provisional Authority against the forces of Sadr. According to Italian intelligence, the actions were used as a pretext by local leaders of the factions tied to an Iran-based ayatollah, Kazem al-Haeri, who was “guided in his political and strategic choices by ultraconservative Iranian ayatollahs in order to unleash a long planned general revolt.” The strategic goal of this revolt, says Sismi, was “the establishment of an Islamic government of Khomeinist inspiration.” The Italian intelligence agency noted that “the presence of Iranian agents of influence and military instructors has been reported for some time.” Our own government will not say as much publicly, but Donald Rumsfeld and Gen. John Abizaid, the commander of U.S. forces in Iraq, have recently spoken of “unhelpful actions” by Iran (and Syria).

The London-based Al-Hayat reported on April 6 that the Iraqi Governing Council was actively discussing “the major Iranian role in the events that took place in the Iraqi Shiite cities,” noting that the Iranians were the predominant financiers of Sadr. Another London newspaper, Al Sharq Al-Awsat, quoted a recent Iranian intelligence defector that Iranian infiltration of Iraq started well before Operation Iraqi Freedom. Hundreds of intelligence agents were sent into Iraq through the north. After the fall of Saddam, greater numbers came across the uncontrolled border, masquerading as students, clerics and journalists—and as religious pilgrims to the now-accessible holy cities of Najaf and Karbala.

The editor of the Kuwaiti newspaper Al Seyassah recently wrote a front-page editorial saying that Hezbollah and Hamas were working with Sadr, “backed by the ruling religious fundamentalists in Tehran and the nationalist Baathists in Damascus.” No classified information was required for that claim, since Sadr himself has publicly proclaimed that his militia is the fighting arm of both Hezbollah and Hamas. Nonetheless, the State Department still doesn’t believe—or won’t admit publicly—that there’s a connection between Sadr’s uprising and Iran’s mullahs.