Iran has been looking for influence in Syria for some time. It seeks influence from Iraq to Lebanon. This isn’t something really discussed much outside of really dull to listen to or read NPR/CSPAN show or Foreign Affairs magazine (e.g. foreignaffairs.com).

Invading Iraq removed the gatekeeper that held them back from wider influence here and in other places. I’m not sure really what Anan is thinking here exactly, but resolution of hostilities will likely only come with Iran sitting somewhere at the table.