Let’s take a quick look at the moral and legal aspects of the 10 commandments.

1. “I am the Lord thy God. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.”

Morally irrelevant, believing or disbelieving in God or being a mono- or a polytheist doesn’t make a person better or worse.

Legally this won’t fly in any modern democracy. You can’t legislate belief.

2. “Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image”

Morally irrelevant, legally impossible in any democracy.

3. “Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.”

Same.

4. “Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy”

Same.

5. “Honour thy father and thy mother”

Morally relevant, but with lots of exceptions. Unacceptable as formulated.
Legally impossible.

6. “Thou shalt not murder”

Necessary both from the moral and the legal standpoint.

7. “Thou shalt not commit adultery”

Morally: unacceptable as formulated, people in open marriages are free to commit “adultery”, it’s not cheating. Also, the original Hebrew word seems to put this restriction specifically on the married woman. If so, this is also sexist.

Legally this can only have repercussions for divorce proceedings. Obviously, no one should be criminally punished for adultery.

8. “Thou shalt not steal”

Necessary both from the moral and the legal standpoint.

9. “Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour”

Unacceptable as formulated. A better way would have been: “You shalt not lie, unless telling the truth is worse than lying in a given situation”.

As such, the commandment is limited to lies about “thy neighbor” only. Is it thus permissible to lie about a stranger, or in other situations not involving your neighbor/fellow?

10. “Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour’s.”

A thoughtcrime is not legally punishable, so covet all you want.

Morally this is ambiguous, since a lust for something that you don’t have may lead to bad consequences, but may also drive you to do something positive for yourself.

So that’s two commandments out of 10, stealing and murder, and those are pretty much universal.