re: #21 Charles

FWIW, the US Supreme Court has held that fees that cover expected costs of policing are Constitutional. See, e.g., Cox v. New Hampshire. But more recently, the Court has held that a permit fee cannot be based on expenses to ensure order. See, e.g., Forsyth County, Georgia v. The Nationalist Movement.

The reasoning in the latter case was that it would financially burden and effectively ban the protest from happening. I’m not familiar of a case involving insurance, so I don’t know if this case would directly apply here, but I don’t think it’s obvious that it wouldn’t.