re: #198 Sergey Romanov
In the Soviet society they were. And even Stalin, a social conservative, was explicitly going against the old patriarchal order (on this see e.g. Sheila Fitzpatrick’s Stalin’s peasants).
Then the wording of the legislation totally baffles me.
Perhaps male homosexuality wasn’t seen as a “romantic” or “love” act, but an act of violence or domination?