Muslims as a Mirror : Germany’s Unhealthy Obsession with Islam

But what does one gain from calling the killer a “right-wing brother of the jihadists,” as Weiss does, and characterizing the events in Norway as “the Talibanization of the Christian right”? This reinforces the old prejudice of the European left, namely, that religion in itself is always and exclusively dangerous. Yet this overlooks the fact that it was political, non-religious worldviews that inflicted endless suffering on humanity in the 20th century. It also suggests that there is a worldwide ecumenical movement of religions that are prepared to use violence and that have become a threat to the non-religious. In Weiss’s mind, the events in Norway represent a “fatal embrace” between “crusaders and jihadists.”

But if one is to establish a commonality between right-wing extremists like Breivik and jihadists, it lies not in a violent ecumenical movement, but in the shared psychosocial circumstances of the perpetrators. Terrorism is a problem among culturally uprooted, politically radical angry young men who are often educated but unsuccessful. They are men who rebel against a world in which they no longer feel at home. They have higher expectations of the world than it could ever fulfill.

In his influential book “Mnnerphantasien” (“Male Fantasies”), the German sociologist Klaus Theweleit offers a plausible explanation for the relationship between fascism and delusions of masculinity. If we consider the narcissistic outpourings of the mass murderer behind the Oslo and Utya attacks, it is not difficult to recognize that he too dreamed the dream of the masculine knight — depicted as courageous, tough, white, potentially brutal but ultimately irresistible — who acts as the savior of a society portrayed as corruptible, soft, permissive, comfortable, feminine and in urgent need of purification. For Breivik, the sympathy that society expresses for the victims is presumably additional proof of its decadence. His goal was not to combat the Muslims, but to rescue his own society from disintegration.

What, then, is the source of this obsession with Islam? Fifteen years ago, there were about 2 million Turkish immigrants in Germany. Today, Germany’s immigrants from Turkey are often lumped into a single category of “Muslims.” Their critics say that it is not Turkish parents’ own lack of education that prevents their children from doing well in school, but their religious affiliation. Muslim “headscarf girls” (ed’s note: a phrase coined by the controversial German author Thilo Sarrazin) are characterized as both a threat to feminism and dangerous baby-making machines obsessed with “demographic jihad.” Some cite the supposed threat of Muslim parallel societies, apparently ignoring the fact that for centuries Germans have lived in parallel societies consisting of Catholics and Protestants.

“Islam” has become a social phantasm. According to the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, the term “phantasm” refers to a negated and repressed lack. As well as individual phantasms, which point to a repressed deficiency and to unattainable objects of desire, there are also societal obsessions, which relate to socially repressed deficiencies and unattained desires. The phantasm does not describe a real object. Instead, it indicates what is lacking.

spiegel.de